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historicalUnited States· North America39.5501°, -105.7821°

Colorado

Colorado's rugged landscape holds secrets from the Wild West's most notorious outlaws, including Butch Cassidy and his Wild Bunch gang. Josh Gates traced the legendary outlaw's footsteps through historic mining towns and remote hideouts, searching for treasure from daring train robberies that terrorized the region in the 1890s. This investigation reveals how Colorado's boom-era settlements and railroad lines made it the perfect hunting ground for America's most wanted criminals.

Colorado is a landlocked state in the Mountain West region of the United States, encompassing much of the Southern Rocky Mountains and noted for its dramatic landscape of mountains, forests, high plains, mesas, and canyons. The state is the eighth-largest in the U.S. by area and was admitted to the Union as the 38th state on August 1, 1876. During the Wild West era of the 1890s-1900s, Colorado's mining towns, railroad lines, and rugged terrain made it prime territory for outlaws like Butch Cassidy and his Wild Bunch gang, who targeted banks and payroll shipments across the state. Gates investigated Colorado's connection to Cassidy's legendary lost loot, tracing the outlaw's footsteps through the state's historical mining districts and hideouts where stolen money may have been cached.

Timeline

c. 13,500 years ago

Region inhabited by Paleo-Indian ancestors along the eastern edge of the Rocky Mountains

1858-1862

Pike's Peak Gold Rush creates influx of settlers and mining towns across Colorado

1876

Colorado admitted to the Union as the 38th state

1890s-1900s

Butch Cassidy and the Wild Bunch gang operate across Colorado, robbing banks and railroads

2016

Gates investigates Butch Cassidy's lost loot across Colorado for Expedition Unknown

Gates’ Investigation

  • Gates traced Butch Cassidy's movements through Colorado's mining country, following historical accounts of the outlaw's hideouts and potential cache sites for stolen money from Wild West-era heists.
    S04E05
  • The investigation explored locations where Cassidy and the Wild Bunch gang operated during their 1890s-1900s robbery spree, searching for evidence of hidden loot that was never recovered.
    S04E05

What Experts Say

Colorado's role in Wild West outlaw history is well-documented by historians who have traced the movements of Butch Cassidy (Robert LeRoy Parker) and his Wild Bunch gang across the state's mining districts and railroad corridors during the 1890s and early 1900s. The gang targeted banks, mine payrolls, and trains carrying gold and currency from Colorado's booming mining operations during the Pike's Peak Gold Rush aftermath. The rugged terrain of the Rocky Mountains provided natural hideouts and escape routes, with historians identifying several locations across Colorado where Cassidy and his associates reportedly stashed stolen money between robberies.

The fate of Cassidy's accumulated loot remains genuinely debated among historians and treasure hunters. While some researchers believe Cassidy spent most of his earnings on the run, others point to historical accounts suggesting he cached money in remote locations across Colorado and neighboring states, intending to retrieve it after the heat died down. The challenge for investigators is separating documented historical facts from decades of folklore and exaggerated tales that have grown around the Butch Cassidy legend. Contemporary newspaper accounts from the 1890s-1900s confirm Cassidy's gang operated in Colorado, but specific cache locations remain unverified.

Gates' investigation for Expedition Unknown followed historical records and local traditions about Cassidy's Colorado operations, consulting with historians and exploring sites connected to documented robberies. The episode examined whether physical evidence of hidden caches might still exist in Colorado's backcountry, though the challenging terrain and passage of more than a century make definitive discovery difficult. The investigation contributed to the ongoing historical documentation of Cassidy's movements through the American West, even as the ultimate fate of his stolen loot remains an open question in Wild West history.

Fun Facts

Colorado was admitted to the Union on August 1, 1876, earning it the nickname 'Centennial State' for joining exactly 100 years after the Declaration of Independence

The Pike's Peak Gold Rush of 1858-1862 drew thousands of prospectors to Colorado, creating the mining wealth that attracted outlaws like Butch Cassidy

Colorado is the eighth-largest U.S. state by area and encompasses most of the Southern Rocky Mountains

The state's population was estimated at 5,957,493 as of July 2024, with Denver serving as the center of the Front Range Urban Corridor

Planning a Visit

Getting There

Colorado's Wild West historical sites are scattered across the state, with many former mining towns now accessible as tourist destinations or historical parks. Visitors can explore locations connected to Butch Cassidy's era through various museums, historic districts, and preserved sites, though specific cache locations remain speculative. The state's rugged terrain requires preparation for high-altitude conditions, and some remote areas associated with outlaw hideouts may require backcountry permits or guided access.

Nearest City

Denver, the state capital and most populous city, serves as the primary gateway to Colorado's Wild West historical sites.

Best Time to Visit

Late spring through early fall (May-September) offers the most accessible conditions for exploring Colorado's historical sites, with mountain roads typically clear and mild weather. Winter months can bring heavy snow that closes mountain passes and makes backcountry areas inaccessible.

Related Sites

Visitor Highlights

  • Visit historic mining towns where Butch Cassidy and the Wild Bunch once operated
  • Explore remote mountain hideouts used by outlaws during their heists
  • See remnants of old railroad lines targeted in famous train robberies
  • Discover archaeological evidence of Wild West outlaw camps and treasure caches

Best time to visit: Late spring through early fall (May-September) offers the best weather for exploring Colorado's mountainous terrain and accessing remote historical sites.

Travel tip: Bring sturdy hiking boots and layers of clothing, as many Butch Cassidy investigation sites are located in high-altitude areas with rapidly changing weather conditions.

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Historical data sourced from Wikipedia